Nyctibatrachus mewasinghi was discovered in the Western Ghats
A new frog from Kerala is the
latest contribution to the
spurt in amphibian discoveries
across India: scientists
have just discovered the Mewa
Singh’s night frog, belonging
to a genus endemic
to the Western Ghats, from
Kozhikode’s Malabar Wildlife
Sanctuary.
According to a scientific
paper published on December
26 in The Journal of
Threatened Taxa (an international
journal on conservation
and taxonomy), the
new night frog Nyctibatrachus
mewasinghi is light
brown in colour with an o
white underside, and sports
faintly wrinkled skin with
prominent granular projections.
Since many frogs in the
genus Nyctibatrachus look
similar, scientists from institutes,
including the Indian
Institute of Science Education
and Research (Pune,
Maharashtra) and the Zoo
Outreach Organisation
(ZOO, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
used both physical characteristics
as well as genetic
methods to conrm the frog
as a new species.
Using tissue samples of 10
collected specimens, the
scientists analysed portions
of two genes and found that
it varied enough from other
closely related species to
make the Mewa Singh’s night
frog a different species.
They
also found that the frog’s genetically
closest relatives are
the Athirappilly night frog
(found south of the Palakkad
Gap in Thrissur and Idukki)
and the Kempholey night
frog (found in the northern
Western Ghats of Kerala and
Karnataka).
‘Interesting species’
Morphologically, the Mewa
Singh’s night frog can be distinguished
from these similar looking
and genetically
close relatives by several
physical characteristics, including
the pattern of its
webbed fingers and toes.
The frog has been named after
wildlife scientist Mewa
Singh, in honour of his contributions
to behavioural
ecology and primate studies.
The new frog is currently
known only from Peruvannamuzhi
in the Malabar Wildlife
Sanctuary, where the
scientists found it in a small
stream running along the Peruvannamuzhi
dam.
“It is an interesting species
because of this currently known
restricted distribution,”
says author Sanjay
Molur of ZOO. What is unusual
is that the frog’s genetically
closest relative — the
Athirappilly night frog — is
found far away and across
the Palakkad gap, says Mr.
Molur. “Hence the species is
also unique from a genetic
perspective,” he says.
Frogs in the genus Nyctibatrachus,
commonly
known as night frogs, are
found only in the Western
Ghats mountain range.
The
addition of the Mewa Singh’s
night frog to this group
brings the total number of
night frogs to 36
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